Technical Information

Time resolved fluorescent (TRF) technology is emerging as an important tool in drug discovery and diagnostics.  Based on our novel chelation and nanocolloid technology, BioPAL has developed a line of TRF reagents for research application.

TorrentDOTS™ are nanosized colloids consisting of a highly dense and stable lanthanide core and represents a major breakthrough in colloid technology.  The colloidal core of the particle is stabilized by a polymer monolayer.  The core is densely packed with many atoms of lanthanide label offering the highest potential sensitivity by TRF.  The monlayer contains surface carboxyl groups for covalent labeling of ligands and macromolecules.

Unlike RadiantDOTS™, TorrentDOTS are not intrinsically fluorescent.  As a result, the final step of the assay procedure is the introduction of BioPAL's releasing reagent.  This reagent is formulated to both (1) breakdown the colloid core and then (2) activate the "torrent" of released lanthanide atoms.

The figure below is a calibration curve showing the degree of sensitivity achievable for the two different europium-labeled products.  This work was preformed on a standard fluorescence spectrophotometer (340nm/615nm).  The blue squares plot the data for TorrentDOTS and the red circles plot the data for RadiantDOTS.  The figure demonstrates that RadiantDOTS can detect down to a few femto-mols, whereas TorrentDOTS can achieve enhanced sensitivity down to a few atto-mols.

The Product
TorrentDOTS are 20 nm is size and are suspended in a detergent-FREE aqueous solution.  BioPAL currently offers europium and terbium labels with other lanthanide labels under development.  The product is packaged in 2 ml sealed serum bottles (0.5% solids) accompanied by a 2 ml bottle of BioPAL's releasing reagent.  NOT FOR HUMAN USE.

1. TorrentDOTS Europium:  The monolayer of the colloid contains surface carboxyl groups for covalent labeling of ligands and macromolecules.
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2. TorrentDOTS Terbium:  The monolayer of the colloid contains surface carboxyl groups for covalent labeling of ligands and macromolecules.
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   Download a PDF MSDS.
    
3. COMING SOON!  TorrentDOTS Europium - Streptavidin:  Streptavidin is covalently attach to the surface of these colloids and are ready to use.  These can be used in a wide range of diagnostic applications, such as enzyme immunoassays.
4. COMING SOON!  TorrentDOTS Terbium - Streptavidin:  Streptavidin is covalently attach to the surface of these colloids and are ready to use.  These can be used in a wide range of diagnostic applications, such as enzyme immunoassays.

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